Presidency as an institution Essay -- essays research papers

The Presidency as an institution Both the administration of Carter and Reagan were shaped by the Cold War in the aftermath of Watergate. Watergate created cynicism of the government, which in turn made governing difficult both intentionally as well as improvisational because the institution of the President was seen as acting in the best interest of itself. President Jimmy Carter and President Ronald Reagan both had their difficulties as President. Carter had terrible problems with economics as our country underwent high unemployment as well as many other economic problems. Reagan was one of the unfortunate Presidents that had to deal with assassination attempts. Both Presidents had great accomplishments both foreign and domestic. Carter ran as an anti-Washington establishment candidate. Reagan was elected four years later on a mandate for less government. The Carter and Reagan administrations are the start of an institutional evolution of the Presidency. Reagan was good at the institutional end of the Presidency because of his belief in limited government and his ability to communicate what many in the country were feeling during the poor economy of the late 1970’s. Reagan was able to efficiently adapt to situations by using immediate change to his advantage-surviving an assassination to garner support for his tax plan and understanding the circumstances in the former Soviet Union that, with proper engagement in this â€Å"fog† of the Cold War, help bring about the demise of communism as a major power in Europe. Page 2 Reagan’s success in changing to adapt to the political terrain, yet staying on his limited core intentions, can be used as a benchmark for change in the institution of the Presidency. With excellent communication skills and intuition for reading the changes inherent in politics, Reagan was able to not only gain support for his plans and reactions, but also become the â€Å"Teflon President.† President Jimmy Carter had trouble with the intention of his Presidency because he alienated his own political party, and received little assistance from the Republicans. Carter shunned Speaker of the House Thomas O’Neill offer to advise him on congressional relations. Carter also made fellow Democrats angry when he dropped a controversial tax rebate that he and other Democrats had worked on, right from under their noses. However,1978 was a successful year fo... ...dministration recommended it; such as when Carter helped negotiate a peace agreement between Israel and Egypt, which was tearing apart the Middle East at the time. Carter gained praises not only from Americans, but also from people world- Page 5 wide. Reagan had to deal with economics when he became President. He realized that something needed to be done for our struggling economic structure. Intentionally, Reagan had to do something about the economic structure and did so by proposing a tax cut that was passed by congress and in turn helped our economy get back on its feet. The Carter and Reagan administrations are the start of an institutional evolution of the Presidency. Both the administration of Carter and Reagan were shaped by the Cold War in the aftermath of Watergate. Watergate created cynicism of the government, which in turn made governing difficult both intentionally as well as improvisational because the institution of the President was seen as acting in the best interest of itself. Carter and Reagan suffered many difficulties during their Presidencies in which they fought through and helped re-shape the Presidency during the Cold War and the aftermath of Watergate.

The play Refund is a light and rollicking play Essay

The thread of the one act ‘Refund’ itself is very interesting.A man about 40 is returning to his old school and demands to refund the tuition fees paid by him 18 years back for the reason that the education gave to him never proved useful and he is now no good for anything. The play comprises only a few characters – the principal, the teachers and the protoganist Wasserkopf. Wasserkopf’s mistakes act as learning ground. The protoganist is an object of wrong doings and commits all sorts of mistakes and finally gives up in the hands of the principal and the teachers. 1. Wasserkopf has a negative value i.e. determination but in doing wrong things.He is ready to do anything just to prove that his school has taught him nothing and his knowledge is negligible. 2. The protagonist’s address to his masters shows to the role players and the viewers that how important the values of respect and accuracy are. No doubts viewers especially students will laugh on such utterance but ultimately as the play advances further, this behaviour is mere mockery over the pupils who are always ready to blame others and the system. The mistake committed thus is linked up with the chain of events which finally leads to a moral teaching. 3. Here the protagonist considers himself to be very wise. But in reality it is his mistake .True wisdom is shown in the form of the masters. They are insulted at the hands of this pupil as he addresses them as ‘old stick-in-the-mud, cannibal. Hypocrite, nitwit, ass etc but they show patience and self control in teaching him a lesson. 4.Wasserkopf never worked hard and he is fired from his job because of the same reason i.e. his inability to work hard. Well at the end of the play it is ultimately proved that no doubts this ex-pupil tried to prove that his school taught him nothing, but it’s only his education which made him capable enough to calculate the correct sum in a systematic way. Therefore Wasserkopf had to suffer due to his lies and corrupt values.

The Psychosocial Theory Of Play During The Life Stages Of...

My report paper is based upon Erikson’s psychosocial approach in the dimension of play during the life stages of infancy and early school age. Psychosocial approach interested me the most because it involves every stage of development from infancy to death in which there is a psychosocial crisis that the person has to overcome to successfully move to the next stage of development. These psychosocial crises are viewed as tension which are a normal experience for each individual because a person’s competencies and the demands that are place upon them by society are not the same. Erikson’s view of play interested me more than Piaget and Vygotsky’s which is why I chose to focus on the psychosocial theory of play. According to Erikson, â€Å"The play often not only represented the problem but also offers a solution so that children experience some new sense of resolution and a reduction in the tension associated with the conflict† (Newman Newman, 2012, p. 214). Psychosocial is a combination of interactions among biological, psychological, and societal processes which allows us to understand that this approach has a multi-disciplinary view. When a person has a positive resolution to each crisis it helps the person become able to be successful in the following stages which is why it is so important to be able to adapt. The way a person handles their life experiences also influences how the direction of development occurs as well as the biological and societal aspects. TheseShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Essay1155 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many methods for studying human social development. In Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, social interactions are an important and determining factor of lifespan development. Although Erikson was influenced by many of Sigmund Freud’s studies, his studies were based upon psychosocial development versus psychosexual development. 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